What is gluconeogenesis?

Gluconeogenesis is the metabolic process through which glucose is synthesized from non-carbohydrate precursors. This pathway is essential for maintaining blood glucose levels, particularly during periods of fasting or intense exercise when carbohydrate stores may be depleted.

The process primarily occurs in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the kidneys. The precursors for gluconeogenesis include lactate, glycerol, and amino acids, which can be converted into glucose, thereby providing a continued source of energy for the body, especially for glucose-dependent tissues like the brain and red blood cells.

Recognizing gluconeogenesis as the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources highlights its critical role in metabolic flexibility and energy homeostasis, particularly during times when dietary carbohydrates are insufficient. This process is vital for athletes and individuals engaged in tactical conditioning, as it supports sustained energy levels and performance when carbohydrate stores may be low.